Senin, 22 Maret 2010

Free PDF The Great Terror: A Reassessment

Free PDF The Great Terror: A Reassessment

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The Great Terror: A Reassessment

The Great Terror: A Reassessment


The Great Terror: A Reassessment


Free PDF The Great Terror: A Reassessment

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The Great Terror: A Reassessment

Review

"Anthony Powell once wrote of Robert Conquest that he had a 'capacity for taking enormous pains in relation to any enterprise in hand.' It is beyond dispute that, forty years after the publication of The Great Terror, this judgment requires no reassessment."--Michael Weiss, The New Criterion"The volume that tore the mask away from Stalinism before most people had even heard of Solzhenitsyn."--Christopher Hitchens, Wall Street Journal

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About the Author

Robert Conquest is the author of some thirty books of history, biography, poetry, fiction, and criticism. The recipient of many honors and awards, he is a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature, the British Academy, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He is at present Research Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University.

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Product details

Paperback: 608 pages

Publisher: Oxford University Press; 40th anniversary edition (November 15, 2007)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 0195317009

ISBN-13: 978-0195317008

Product Dimensions:

9.1 x 1.7 x 6.1 inches

Shipping Weight: 2.4 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.6 out of 5 stars

74 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#135,491 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

It is very much worth while to read this "old" book (2008)--since it is the most readable and authoritative shifting of evidence as it became more available, decade by decade, ask the "Iron Curtain" rusted from within. Robert Conquest was a great hero of the Cold War, who died August 3, 2015. The weapons he wielded were exacting research and a mastery of expression that marked his many works of poetry, fiction, history, and politics.In the World War II years, some idealistic Americans found themselves "mugged by reality" and came to grasp the nature of the Soviet Union. During the Cold War, more people did. George Orwell’s Animal Farm and 1984, as well as Boris Pasternak’s Dr. Zhivago became touchstones. But do Americans know much about it now?Today, History Channel-type documentaries frequently cover the home-front abuses of Hitler’s Nazis (Jews, Gypsies, or churchmen); but there is very little portrayal of the malevolence of Stalin’s regime held for ordinary Russians. The slogan “Never Forget” evokes Jews under Hitler, not the deaths of at least 15 million Russians during Stalin’s Terror.The "darkness at noon"-type subject matter makes the book a bit unsettling, but it is highly readable and well worth the time.

I think this is far and away the most educational historical book I have ever read. The author really did his homework and references everything that can be referenced. Reading this will open your eyes on the history of the Bolshevik Revolution and the formation of the Soviet Union and then the long and brutal Stalin purges. And they are brutal. Be prepared for some tough reading. The only aspect left out of this book is the Jewish involvement in it all, which, considering the detail with which all else is documented, is rather surprising. Regardless, it's an incredible read that can leave on exhausted but well-educated.

A painful read for mainstream historians and those who worshipped FDR. How could the allies, Britain, France, USA, Canada, Poland, etc have been so blind as to choose and help a super murdering tyrant of Stalin and his team, against the racist NAZIs in 1939. No one accused the NAZIs of being mass murderers in 1939. And the few who exposed the Stalinists were ignored. This book gives a big “I told you so” from Hitler regarding how bad the Soviet Communist Empire was. As Patton said at the end of the war, we fought the wrong country. So, was FDR blind or mislead or corrupt? Who were his advisers? As McCarthy accused and was later vindicated, his advisers were secret communists themselves. The same with Britain, it was infected with secret communists also. Plus much of the main stream media was infected with secret Communists or their sympathizers. The so called “greatest Generation” was fooled, which makes this a painful read to them also.

In late 1918 Schumpeter, (quoted in “Prophet of Innovation” – McCraw) discussed the Bolshevik triumph in Russia with his companions: ‘Marxism would have a practical test’. “Weber replied that the result was likely to be catastrophic, because the Bolsheviks were so brutal”. No one offered any disagreement, and Weber, after more discussion, posited: “A laboratory heaped with human corpses!” (pg. 94).Precisely. Lenin, and then Stalin produced exactly that outcome. Followed by Mao, Pol Pot, and the Kims. Those Communist dictators (and there are no Communist rulers who are not dictators) who haven’t managed to murder most of their population are doing their best to drive them to, or keep them in poverty. Communism is a failure everywhere and every time it has been ‘enforced’ (it would not exist without ‘enforcement’).Conquest does a good job on a difficult subject, but even with his efforts, this is not an easy read. We are treated, on turning nearly every page, with sub-human viciousness, not to say bestiality, which pretty much defines the ‘experiments’ in Communist systems, whether they are attempted in Eur-Asia, the Far East, or the West; every one of them becomes a murder factory to some extent.Tony Judt, who is nobody’s idea of a “capitalist tool”, states in “Post War” (pg 561): “In light of twentieth-century history the state was beginning to look less like a solution than the problems, and not only or even primarily for economic reasons. What begins with centralized planning ends with centralized killing”. Just so; there has yet to be a counter example. The twenty-first century Communists have proven to be, in percentage, as deadly or worse.I did find it surprising that, early on, there existed some slight opposition to Stalin and that Stalin spent even a minute of his time making any attempt at all to provide some scintilla of legal justification for his mass-murders. But it quickly becomes clear that the opposition promptly ‘disappeared’ and whatever legal strictures were supposed to limit such murderous thuggery were then either ignored or changed by fiat. Any fantasy of a civilized USSR government is shown to be just that: A fantasy. My surprise is itself not surprising; such opposition was fleeting; worthless in the general murderous progression.Conquest guides us through the entire outrageous process, from scurrilous ‘accusation’, through arrest, then what is claimed to be ‘trial’, often enough resulting in an immediate bullet to the head. If you were ‘fortunate’ enough, you are jailed but with a good chance of a slow death there of starvation or thuggery. Or perhaps sent to the camps where you had a good chance of dying in transport, only to arrive and find circumstances as likely to kill you at your destination. Again, like the accusation and arrest, the cause of your death was as random, but much more likely, as getting hit by lightning; a huge number more died in the Terror than ever died by lightning. And a shot to the head may well have been the most humane result; I’ll admit to skimming over some of the descriptions of torture.Chapter 12, “The Great Trial”, should be an embarrassment not only to those in the West who were on-site observers, but to those who read such blatant nonsense and continued to fantasize that Communism was (and is) something other than the murderous thuggery it has always been; Stalin “won” the PR campaign because the “useful idiots” were only too happy to lie to themselves and others.There is no lack of reliable literature on the subject: Pipes – “The Russian Revolution”, and “Russia Under the Bolshevik Regime”, Applebaum – “Gulag: A History”. Even that apologist Figes - “A People's Tragedy: The Russian Revolution: 1891-1924”. And many, many more. Most all are authoritative, all are well supplied with footnotes and bibliographies but we still find pathetic apologists, hoping to salvage some gloss of decency for the horror of Communism, often claiming Conquest’s victim counts are wrong, and they do so by citing ‘new’ data, as if being ‘new’ were to automatically make it more accurate than what Conquest cites.It doesn’t. There is no reason to believe the ‘new’ numbers haven’t been equally fudged by other apologists, and the whole attempt stinks to high heaven: It’s as if, by citing some ‘new’ account claiming Hitler only directly murdered 5 million innocent people rather than 6 million, he is somehow less of a monster.We are lead through the final rounds of the horror, some bureaus purged several times over, until the incoming managers must have known that they were handed their death warrants; foreigners murdered in Russia, Russians murdered in foreign countries, the youth league terrorized into a ‘Stalinjugend’ (sic), until even Stalin realizes the inefficiency of it, never finding the least concern for the brutality of it. ‘The banality of evil’ was rarely so evidentConquest spends a good bit of the last chapter discussing the apologists of the time and attempting to explain the (sometimes admitted) denial of plain and obvious facts; he is far more generous than, for instance, those exposing Hitler’s supporters would be. The fantasies and lies of the Webbs, J-P.Sarte, Davies, Owen Lattimore, GBS, Durante, the French Communist press and more get a look lacking in deserved acrimony.The last several pages make it clear that Stalin’s bestiality were built into Communism from the start, and the attempts to ‘de-Stalinize’ while still being the USSR could only be cosmetic.Even now, well into the twenty-first century, you’re left wondering how long it will take for Russia to somehow outgrow that horrible, maiming disease it suffered for more than 70 years.A difficult but worthwhile read.

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Rabu, 17 Maret 2010

Ebook Download Great Design, by Philip Wilkinson

Ebook Download Great Design, by Philip Wilkinson

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Great Design, by Philip Wilkinson

Great Design, by Philip Wilkinson


Great Design, by Philip Wilkinson


Ebook Download Great Design, by Philip Wilkinson

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Great Design, by Philip Wilkinson

Review

"The Smithsonian's Great Design by Phillip Wilkinson is a new coffee table book that explores 100 great designs from around the world. The glorious large formatted photographs also show objects other than home furnishings and furniture — think cars, motorcycles, phones and cameras." – The Plain Dealer "[Great Design] is an ode to form, function and beauty" and warning readers to "prepare to get sucked into an encyclopedic vortex of elegant aesthetics and high functionality before being spun off onto the Internet to search for every item on every page. [Y]ou'll feel an urgent need for things like the Moka Express coffeemaker and Kilta tableware." – The Kansas City Star "[Great Design is] as comprehensive as it is beautiful. Covering design from across the world, the book incorporates everything from technology to textiles, furniture and industrial design. Full photographic galleries — including detail shots and even sketches — meet insight in this hardcover compendium of vast design world essentials. [It] neatly binds this through-line, contextualizes it and offers a reference for beginners looking to learn, experts seeking for inspiration and anyone else with a little design curiosity." – Coolhunting.com "This book…is a perfect gift for purveyors of design, architecture, and the like. Lush photographs and fascinating insights are tucked into this large volume — it is a museum-style study of what great design is and why this innovative product still factors into our lives indefinitely." – The Examiner "Books never go out of style as a holiday gift for a favorite friend or family member- or yourself. Great Design by Philip Wilkinson shows ground-breaking examples in eight time periods beginning in the 1860… the book is a photographic tour of more than 100 great designs." – Design NJ

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Product details

Hardcover: 256 pages

Publisher: DK (September 2, 2013)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 1465414401

ISBN-13: 978-1465414403

Product Dimensions:

10.2 x 0.9 x 12.2 inches

Shipping Weight: 3.6 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.5 out of 5 stars

33 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#275,627 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

I gave this book to a friend who just loves it...is familiar with a lot of the designs and the history of Wilkinson's work.

This is a great coffee table book. I just bought another copy for my Mother, an Art History Professor who couldn't put it down, she says it contains a lot of information other publications leave out.

very good

I have enjoyed looking through the book very much.

I bought it mainly because of the picture on the cover which is of a chair that I own.

Wow, this is a great book - the sort that I use to love to pore over in the school library when I was a student. Industrial design has always fascinated me. Just recently, I watched two old French documentaries from Netflix that covered many of the same iconic designers & designs. Design &Design 2.This coffee table size book (10"x12"x1") does a good job of covering some of the most famous of the designers of modern times - and it is arranged in chronological order beginning with Michael Thonet's Model 14 bentwood chair (1855) and ending with Philippe Starck's Masters chair (2010). And there is not just furniture, also included in the mix is everything from coffee makers to typewriters and even the Apple iPad. A lot of ground covered in the book's 256 pages. Each designer / design gets two pages of photos and text, along the occasional informational block of a related design or designer. The book never really goes into depth with the information it presents, it's more aimed at the casual reader.I like the book and it will be something that I will be adding to my permanent library, and it is something I would recommend to others who have an interest in such things. I could see someone who enjoys watching Antique Roadshow also enjoy reading this book.

I've always liked the DK book design, so its pairing of form and content to reveal over a hundred products from an 1855 Bentwood chair to, well, another chair, a Philippe Starck Master's from 2010 displays the evolution of the modern highlights of innovation in practical fashion. It's inviting to browse, as if you were at a gallery.You get William Morris' wallpaper, but also Karl Eisener's Swiss Army Knife from the same period. An AGA cooker inserted next to a Dobrolet poster and a Bauhaus entry shows the 1920s emphasis on sleek lines. Similarly, Harry Beck's map of the London Underground, an anglepoise lamp, and the VW Beetle reveal the range of 1930s linear efficiency.For the era from WWII to the mid-50s, juxtapositions also engage the eye. The Penguin paperback, the Vespa scooter, and later the Pride cutlery just before the Fender Stratocaster guitar show off the mid-century's clean look in elegant yet, often to us, overlooked versions that bring a streamlined, confident appeal that we look at but, as Philip Wilkinson's clearly and briefly explained text shows, often lack the perception to articulate the instant satisfaction much of such designs carry, when seen in life around us and not in museums.The later 50s get their own chapter. Helvetica typeface, an Egg chair, and both an Austin Seven Mini and a Cadillac series 62 are some of the displays that show off the verve emerging in this period. The next two decades for all their supposed cutting-edge development get but one chapter, by comparison: a Kodak Instamatic, a Frank Gehry wiggle chair, and a Tizio desk lamp are some of the rather surprising choices, given the abundance and range of this globally restless span.The 1980s to 1995 offer a Verdana typeface, more furniture and furnishings, but also a cover of The Face magazine with its catchy typeface and layout, as designed by Neville Brody. The last period, from '96 on, offers more furnishings still, symbolizing something about our cocooning choices, but also, tellingly, the Apple iPad.The page layout gives you a take on the product, a visual tour of large and small photos highlighting elements, a bio of the maker, and a sidebar "On Design" placing the designer within his or her context. It's all carried off with the same match of form and content typical of DK Books, and this is a handsome addition to their fine catalogue.

As a self-taught student of design (mainly graphic design) I welcome this book. With a period of the last 150 years, the Smithsonian could focus on just about every design breakthrough. But not everyone's favorite will be here, although I think the choices were sensible.Design has gradually pulled back from the over-ornate products of Victorian times. It's a measure of how the simplified type design we enjoy today, that when they first appeared they were known as "Grotesques." Nowadays we're used to typefaces like Helvetica (featured in the book) and similar fonts without serifs (the little lines at the ends of the character form, descended from the way the Romans carved inscriptions that wouldn't break the stone). I noticed that just about all of the Amazon site has no serifed type, yet we seem quite happy with that, and most people have probably not noticed.Design comes from observing objects and looking for the function inside the form. Breakthroughs come when people suddenly see what appears to be so obvious that you wonder why no-one saw it before. That happens in furniture, cars, and so many more examples where you think the basic design is "fixed." My one critique of this book is that there are no illustrations of what was accepted before, so if we're used to the modern designs we're not aware of what the designers faced.I've started looking daily at a website called [...] which has a wide range of current industrial design, with lots of pictures and an explanation understandable by anybody.However, this book is a great first step to understanding design. Yes, it's a coffee-table book, but you'll come out of reading any of it looking at the objects around you in a totally new light.

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